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Smart Personal Finance and Effective Investing in Today's Economy

Tax-Exempt Money Market Funds are Rocking  

Brett Arends from the Wall Street Journal had an excellent article recently on how to manage your finances in these troubling times. I have already taken one of his suggestions and moved my cash reserves* into the Vanguard Tax-Exempt Money Market fund (VMSXX) that is currently yielding 5.84% - far above money market averages and with an industry bottom 0.17% management expense ratio. If you're in the 25% tax bracket, the return on this fund is equivalent of a taxable 7.7% APY! Why are tax free money market funds providing such high yields? Pamela Wisehaupt Tynan, who oversees Vanguard's municipal money market funds says "These unusually high yields are simply a function of how the money market arena is reacting to events in the credit markets right now. These yields are not coming from lower-quality securities, nor are they related to problems with the creditworthiness of municipalities."

Other tips worth considering to efficiently manage your funds in current market and economic conditions:

1. Inflation-protected Treasury bonds are still paying about 2% after inflation. Not a bad long term return in an inflationary environment. These are about the safest investments you can own, because they are paid by the federal government and the interest rate adjusts with inflation. This makes it a good investment for those close to retirement on in retirement to ensure a guaranteed income stream and avoid being subject to the vagaries of the market. Check Bankrate.com or Morningstar.com to compare the offerings and rates on all types of funds. Make sure you look at the expense ratios (management fees) in addition to the yields and five year rates of return.

2. Think globally. This entire financial meltdown has hit both our nation's economy and our credibility. It is very likely it will accelerate the shift in power and relative wealth to other countries. Meanwhile our stock market still trades at its historic premium to others. Some foreign stock markets are now much better value than Wall Street. The best way to play this is to invest in an international fund. Go with one of the large and well diversified Vanguard or Fidelity international funds to get your global exposure. These fund management companies charges the lowest fees, so you get the maximum bang for your buck.

3. Don't panic. This is not the time to be bailing out of the market. It's already fallen a long way and you risk selling at the bottom of the market by exiting now. But it's never the wrong time to rebalance your portfolio if needed. That may include holding some cash and bonds as well as equity mutual funds. I just rebalanced per the introductory paragraph by moving my cash reserves to the Vanguard Tax-Exempt Money Market fund and am now reviewing my stock portfolio.

4.Cash, cash, cash. Most families should have at least three months' living expenses in ready cash. As I wrote previously, I think you should be looking to keep 6 to 12 months cash on hand given ailing macro-economic conditions. Split your funds between a high interest account (for emergency funds) or a money market fund (for the rest of your cash) as discussed above.


5. When you start slashing your household expenses, don't just go for the big ticket items. Take a hard look at those recurring bills as well and annualize the costs to get a more realistic picture. A $60 a month cell phone plan you hardly use isn't really costing you $60. It's costing you $720 a year. Consider using online telephony providers like Skype and Vonage - which can provide significant savings on your local and long distance calls.

6. If you can – and that's a big if in this environment– take another look at refinancing your mortgage. Long-term rates just fell again. You can get conforming 30-year fixed loans for less than 6% interest (provided you have good credit). Not only can you save money by cutting your interest rates: This can also be a useful source of extra cash. If you wait till you really need it, you may not be able to get it. Also consider increasing the frequency of your mortgage repayments if you have cash on the sidelines. Increasing the number or frequency of your payments, even marginally, can greatly reduce the amount of interest you pay and thereby, reduce the number of years you pay toward the mortgage – by about seven years, if done diligently.


* Note: For risk management and diversification I have still got my 6 months worth of emergency funds in an FDIC insured ING Direct account. See this article for more.



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7 comments

  • Kyle  
    October 2, 2008 10:54 AM

    I've seriously thought about moving into the tax-exempt fund, but I'm always skeptical when yields spike all of a sudden. Since I can't figure out why these yields have risen, I haven't made a move. I can't help bu thinking maybe the market knows something I don't. Since my emergency fund is relatively small in the grand scheme of things, I'm not missing out on much either way on an absolute dollar basis. If I had six figures in cash-equivalents I would do more research.

  • Andy  
    October 2, 2008 11:18 AM

    Kyle - I would agree with you, however Vanguard it is a pretty reputable company and their explantion for the high yields is due to muni funds being the underlying asset. While there is always risk with a fund, a 7%+ after tax yield is too good to pass up. I agree that the yield may not last, but it only takes 1-2clicks to move between or out of funds in my Vanguard account, so worth chasing the great yield being offered. Also, the money market fund is protected under new government legislation so low risk of failure. Just in case though I have kept my emergency funds in my ING account where there is no risk of loss. The reason I had enough cash was that I have saved up a deposit for a house, which I am holding off purchasing in the current market.

    Here is an interesting quote from a Bloomberg article on this topic "I'll eat my hat if that's not a record" said Peter Crane, president of the money-fund research firm, based in Westborough, Massachusetts.

  • Bruce  
    October 4, 2008 11:12 AM

    I keep reading your stuff and I am almost brave enough to write a PF post myself on my blog.

    Nice piece Andy.

  • HIB  
    October 4, 2008 3:37 PM

    Pretty cool stuff. I'll have to look into the MM fund.
    Thanks!
    -HIB

  • cara  
    October 6, 2008 1:57 PM

    I had a lengthy conversation with someone at Vanguard today regarding my Prime Money Market Fund: VMMXX. I have a huge % of my money in there currently as I need the liquidity. I now feel reassured because she broke down the investments and said that 1-Vanguard is quite conservative (and even more so today!) about their investments. I'm sure this true.... and 2- that although 14% of their investment is in commercial paper, it is NOT the bad stuff... (the bad mortgage-backed securities).
    They are highly invested in treasury notes which ARE of course backed up). Though I was planning to move the bulk out of that account and into savings and CD, just to play it safe...I have now decided to stay put.
    HOWEVER, I have been told my Chase bank- jpmorgan investment guy that my Prime MMF is now, as of this last month, backed up by FINRA--a temporary fix so that we can all regain confidence in the market. I had not read anything about this brand new TEMPORARY FIX, but hope it is OK

  • Daphne  
    October 7, 2008 9:19 PM

    Great advice, Andy. Especially on not panicking, and thinking global. Also thinking long term, because although it may not feel that way now, this too shall pass.

    Good work helping everyone to keep calm and do the sensible thing during this time.

  • pfstock  
    January 23, 2009 1:31 PM

    Hi Andy: I know that you wrote this a while ago, but I thought that I would comment on it anyway. Did you actually buy VMSXX? And are you still holding? According to Vanguard, the last recorded dividend was 1.11% and the current yield is down to 0.68%, so that is a significant drop. In California (and several other states), there are funds which are exempt from both federal and state taxes. VMSXX would be exempt from federal only, in my situation.

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